Gearing.



A. RYCKMAN.

GEARING.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. |3.-1912.

Patented May 18, 1915.

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GEARING.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 13, 1912.

Patented May 18, 1915.

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GEARING- APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 13. I912.

' Patented May18,1915.

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j B 961% azzayz ANDREW RYCKMAZN, OF WAUKEGAN, I LLINOIS.

enaame.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 18, 1915.

Application filed September 13, 1912. Serial No. 720,221.

1 To all whom it may concern 5 of Illinois, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Gearing; and I do declare the followin to bea full, clear, and exact description of? the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same.

This inventionrelates to gearing, more particularly gearing for circularsawingmachlnes and one of the objects of my invention is to provideimproved means forautomatically moving a saw carriage forward throughthe work when its movement is once begun, and rearward across-the tableafter its work has been completed. I also provide means for bringing asaw carriage to rest at the rear of the table and additional manuallyoperated means for moving the saw carriage in either direction at anytime.

While I have illustrated my invention in combination with a particularcircular sawbered that my present invention has to do with the gearingper 86.

In carrying out these objects, I make use of a construction hereinaftermore fully described and claimed, and as shown in the drawings wherein-Figure 1 is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 a front elevation of myimproved machine in its preferred form Fig. 3 is'a side ele- 35 vation,and Fig. 4 a section on the lineP-A of Fig. 3, showing a slightlydifferent form of my improved machine; Fig. 5 is a plan view of themachine with the table removed so as to show the parts beneath; Fig. 6is 40 am enlarged section on the line 6.6 of Fig.

5, and Fig. 7 a cross section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 6; Figs. 8 and 9are cross sections on the lines 8-8 and 99 respectively of Fig. 6. Fig.10 is anenlarged horizontal sec; tion, taken on about the' line 10'10"of'Fig.- 7, showing'mor'e pai'tifcirlarly the loose connectionbetween the front bar of the carriage and one of the sleeves of thelatter.

The frame 1 of this-machine nia'yfbe of wood or metal and carries atable 2 slotted at 3 so thatthe' circular saw 1 may projecttherethrough, and th'e'material to-be sawed is brought to the machineand-laid across thetable at any desired angle, and then thesawcarriagecaused to move forward so that the saw! ene ies throilgh themateflial ingmachine construction it will be rememcut it as desired.Obviously this avoids thenecesslty for a carriage on which the work canbe mounted and moved over the table past the saw, as employed where thelatter is fixed and the work travels; and the result is that the entiremachine can be built on such a small scale that it will beportablc-weighing perhaps between two hundred and three hundred poundsonly. Such being a fact, it can be moved bodily to the place where thesawing is to be done (as, for instance, to a house being built) where itcan be set up within small space, and the work to be done is brought toit and carried away as soon as it is finished. Therefore the entiremachine can be run by one or two operators, and when the work on thishouse is finished it can be moved along to the next one.

In the accompanying drawings Iv have shown a power shaft 5 driven by anelectric motor M which might well be mounted on the framework as shown,but it is obviously possible to connect this shaft with some othersource of power if the same be present at the point where the work is tobe done. This and other details may be safely left to the manufacturerwho will build the machines to meet the demand for them, and therefore Ido not wish to be limited to the precise details of constructionhereinafter described, nor to the sizes, shapes and proportion of parts.

The power shaft is shown as connected by belting 6 to a ulley on. acountershaft 7 and another pul ey on this shaft by belting 9 to what Iwill call the feed shaft 9 extending across the rear-end of the frame 1,and this shaft carries two beveled friction pulleys 10 and 11 whosesmaller ends are disposed toward each other as seen in Fig. 5. w

The numeral 12 designates a feed screw having a socket 13 in its frontend engaged by the tip of a step bearing 14 which is rendered adjustablethrough the front cross bar of the frame by means of nuts 15 and 16 atopposite sides of said cross bar as best seen in Fig. 6; and the rearend of this feed screw 12 carries a beveled fiber wheel 1'? of a sizeand disposed to stand between said friction pulleys l0 and 11 withoutcontacting with either, although when the rear end-of this screw isswung to one side "or the other the fiber wheel will be thrown intocontact with the beveled face of one pulley or the other and the screwthereby rotated in one direction or .the other as will be clearlyunderstood. I emphasize the point that the lateral movement of thisscrew necessary to throw it into contact with either pulley or out ofcontact with both, is extremely slight, and much less than would benecessary if the pulleys had teeth no matter how small, besides whichthe friction drive thus imparted to the screw 12 makes it possible tostop and to start its rotation without the jerk which would beunavoidable if gears were employed. Yet it becomes necessary whenfriction pulleys are employed to provide means for holding the drivenpulley or w-heel reliably in contact with the driving pulley after theshift has beenmade, and therefore I make use of the following detail ofconstruction best'illustrated in Fig. 7.

The rear end of the feed screw 12 is journaled in a bearing 20 at thelower end of a swinging box 21 whose upper end has an eye 22 looselymounted on a rock shaft or shifter rod 23 which is. turned in onedirection or the other from time to time by means yet to be described.Fixed on said rod is a cross bar 24 to whose extremities are pivotedhanging. links 25 and 26', the former pivoted at its lower end to theintermediate pivot of a short toggle lever 27, and the link 26 pivotedat its lower end to the intermediate pivot of a short toggle lever 28.Said toggles have their outermost extremities pivoted at 29 to a plate30 carried by the framework, and their innermost extremities pivoted at31 to the box 21 between its ends. The result is that when the shifterrod 23 is turned in either direction, one end of the cross bar 24 risesand the other end descends, one toggle is opened and the other is closedto a degree, and the opening or expanding toggle pushes on the box 21 atthe point 31 and swings it around its upper end so that the bearing 20at its lower end moves a trifle to one side or the other and the screw12 is carried one way or the other. This throws its fiber wheel 17 intocontact with one pulley 10 or the other 11, and the straightening out ofthe toggle holds it forcibly in such contact. When the shifter rod 23 isturned to restore the parts to the position shown in Fig. 7, the feedscrew 12 has its fiber wheel 17 moved to a strictly neutral positionbetween the friction pulleys 10 and 11, so that the screw is not rotatedin either direction.

The parts are considerably exaggerated inv Fig. to show the action ofthe two toggles and the swinging box 21, yet it will be obvious that Iemploy the toggles to hold the screw in either lateral extreme positionto which it is moved by this mechanism and so that reliable contact willbe made between the' driving pulley 10 or 11 and the driven pulley orwheel 17. p

The saw carriage 32 has bearings 33 for I,

the mandrel 34 carrying the saw 4, and also has parallel sleeves 35sliding onguide rods 36 mounted in the frame at opposite sides of andparallel with the feed screw 12; 'The bearings or boxes 33 arefast onthe sleeves 35 and at right angles thereto, so that when the sleevesslide upon the guide rods 36 which they fit quite closely the mandrel 34is retained ever in a proper position straight across the table and thesaw blade 4 is moved straight along its slot 3 so that it will not bindtherein. The carriage and its parts are moved back and forth beneath thetop 2 by the rotation of the feed screw 12 in one direction or theother, because said screw en gages a threaded opening 40 in one bar 32of the carriage. The forward end of each sleeve 35 is shouldered as at350, forward of which it is redu eed as at 351 and externally threadedas at 352,.and onto these threads screws a nut 353. Each end of the bar32 has formed in it a slightly elongated hole 320 loosely engaging thereduced portion 351 between the shoulder 350 and the nut 353; and theresult of this construction is that the bar 32' may move laterally justa trifle within the entire carriage- 32, so that Lthe bar may swing fromside to side with the feed screw 12 while the carriage moves back andforth in a straight line. The latter travels beneath the shifter 23 asseen in Fig. 6, and on said shifter near its front end is secured anL-shaped' trip member 41 projecting to one side and having a beveledlower end 42 adapted to be struck by the carriage ed to be struck by thecarriage or one of the bearings for the mandrel when the carriage movesin the other direction, as seen in Fig.

9. However, I would make the active face 44 of the last-named tripsomewhat shorter than the face 42 of the first-named trip, with thefollowing results: As the carriage moves forward and strikes the trip41, the shifter turns so that the fiber wheel 17 is thrown into positivecontact with the proper pulley to cause the saw carriage to move to therear. On the other hand, when the trip 43 is actuated automatically asthe carriage reaches its rearmost'position, it turns the shifter 23 onlysufliciently to throw the fiber wheel 17 to a neutral position betweenthe pulleys 10 and 11, and therefore the carriage comes to a littlelower so that it would perform its movement of the carriage and startingit llti forward again. I

The manually controlled means for actuating the shifter comprises atreadle 50 pivoted between its front and rear edges to the framework 1and having rods 51 and 52 rising from it to arms 53 and 54 projectingrigidly and in opposite directions from the shifter 23; and when theoperator places his foot on this treadle and bears down with his toe heturns the shifter in one direction,

whereas when he hears down-with his heel he may turn it in the o positedirection. The manual control is use ul at any time for checking themovement of the saw carriage in either direction and bringing it torest, or causing it to travel instantly in the opposite direction; andit is especially useful in connection with a half-trip as abovedescribed, because after the-saw has traveled forward over the table andperformed a piece of work and then automatically returned to itsposition at the rear thereof and comes to rest, the operator by means ofthe treadle may start the saw forward again as soon as he is ready forit to perform another piece of work. As above suggested, however, if thehalf-trip is set it becomes a full trip, and the treadle will not.

be necessarily called into action although its possibilities for use arestill present.

My preferred means for driving the saw mandrel from the power shaft isbest illustrated on sheet 1 of the drawings. Herein I show a hingedframework comprising upper and lower members which may be made of tubingor of rods or strap iron, and whose essential characteristics are asfollows: The lower member is journaled on the turned end of themotor-casing at 61, out of contact with the power shaft 5, around whichit may swing as a center as seen in Fig. 1, and its upper end hasjournals or bearings (32 for a counter shaft 63 having two pulleys 64and 65. The former of these pulleys is belted as at 66 to a pulley 67which is fast on the saw mandrel, while the pulley in the presentinstance is belted as at 68-to a drive pulley 69 fast on the power shaft5. The uppermost of said members; numbered 70, has the lower ends of itsarms journaled as at 71 on the countershaft 63, and the upper ends ofits arms journaled as at 72 or around the bearings for the saw mandrel.Thus it will be seen that the countershaft forms in effect a pintlebetween the two members of this framework, the outer or lower end of thelowermost member being mounted around the power shaft 5, and the outeror upper end of the uppermost member being mounted around the sawmandrel 4 while the intermediate pivot or counter shaft is a movablemember constituting the knuckle of the hinge and swinging in an arcaround the power shaft as the mandrel travels horizontally to the rearand to the front in the movements of the saw carriage as describedabove.

Another means for connecting the power shaft with the saw mandrel isshown on sheet 2 of the drawings. Herein the countershaft 83 has thepulleys 84 and 85 belted respectively as at 86 and 88 to pulleys 87 and89 onthe saw mandrel and the power shaft, but the extremities of saidcountershaft are mounted in boxes 90 which are slidable on curved tracks91 struck on the are of a circle around the power shaft as a center,while arms 92 connect the countershaft with the saw mandrel so as tohold these parts properly spaced. With the preferred construction firstdescribed above, the members of the hinged frame are useful for keepingthe belts tight; with the construction last described above, the arms 92arethe equivalents of the uppermost member and therefore keep the belt86 tight, and the belt 88 is kept tight by reason of the fact that theboxes 90 travel on tracks 91 which are always the same distance from thecenter of the power shaft 5. 1 might here say that although I have shownsaid shaft belted through a countershaft 7 to the feed shaft 9, theconnection between these elements may be direct and might, in fact, beother than belting, so long as the rapidly rotating power shaft turnsthe feed shaft 9 rather slowly, as it is understood that the screw 12must not rotate in either direction toorapidly. While I have consideredit necessary to illustrate these two means only for driving the sawarbor from the power shaft and yet permitting the saw carriage to bereciprocated horizontally within the frame 1, other means might beemployed without departing from the spirit of my invention.

The use of a machine of this End is too well understood to needrepetition here. I will call attention only to the fact that one of theimportant features of the invention is the specific means forautomatically actuating the shifter 23 at both extremes of the movementof the saw carriage, by a full trip at the front of the frame so thatthe saw carriage immediately begins to return to the rear and by a halftrip at the rear so that when the saw carriage reaches that point itcomes to rest. Cooperating with this detail is the foot trip mechanism,per haps old in itself, but which is employed in conjunction with thehalf trip so that the operator may start the carriage forward again assoon as he has placed a new piece of work in position to be sawed.

T have not considered it necessary to illustrate any devices for holdingthe work on the table, either at right angles or at any other angle tothe line of the saw, as these form no part of the present invention.

and connections between said cross-bar and the intermediate pivots of vsaid toggles I whereby the latter are actuated oppositely to each other,for the purpose set forth. j 2. In combination a fixed support, areciprocating element movable thereon, a feed screw engaging a threadedopening in said reciprocating element, a beveled wheel on said screw,spaced beveled friction wheels adjacent said first wheel, a rockingshifter extending across the support, stops thereon struck by thereciprocating element at the extreme of its movement in eitherdirection, a cross-bar fast on the shifter, two toggle levers pivoted attheir outer extremes to the fixed support and having their innerextremes pivotally connected with said screw, and links pivoted at theirupper ends to opposite extremities of said cross-bar and at their lowerends to the intermediate pivots of said toggles for actuating thelatter, for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination with a support and reciprocating element movablethereon, of a feed screw engaging a threaded opening in saidreciprocating element, a beveled wheel -on said screw, spaced beveledfriction wheels adjacent said first wheel, a rocking shifter .extendingacross the support, stops thereon struck by the reciprocating element atthe extremes of its movement in either direction, across-bar fast onsaid shifter, a swinging box pivoted on the shifter and having a bearingat its lower end in which said screw is journaled, two toggle leverswhose outer extremes are pivoted to a fixed support and whose innerextremes are pivoted to said box, and links connecting the oppositeextremesof said cross-bar with the intermediate pivots of said togglesfor the purpose set I 55.- fortli: q

4. The combination with a slotted support carrying parallel guides,of acarriage having sleeves moving on said guides and bearings fast on thesleeves, a feed screw .60 disposed between said guides, a beveled wheelon said screw, spaced beveled friction wheels adjacent said first wheel,and

. means for moving the latter into contact with either of said frictionwheels or to a neutral position between them, of-a bar in the carriagehaving a threaded opening engaged by said screw, and lost-motionconnections between the extremities of said bar and said sleeves.

5. The combination with a support hav- 7o ing parallel guides, of acarria e having sleeves moving on said guides, a eed screw between saidguides, a wheel on said screw, spaced friction wheels adjacent saidfirst wheel, means for moving the latter into contact with either ofsaid friction wheels or to a neutral position between them, and a barhaving a threaded opening with which said screw engages and elongatedopenings near its ends, said sleeves having portions 30' extending intosaid elongated openings and thus having lost-motion connection with saidbar.

6. The combination with parallel guides,

a carriage having sleeves movable thereon, 35 a feed screw disposedbetween said guides,- means for turning it in either direction, a barhaving a threaded opening with which said screw engages and elongatedopenings nearits ends, the front ends of said sleeves being shoulderedand then reduced and threaded and projecting loosely through theelongated openings in said bar, and nuts on their threaded extremitiesforward of the bar and permitting the latter to have a slight lateralmotion with respect to the sleeves, for the purpose set forth.

7. In combination a support, an element carried by the su port andarranged to be reciprocated relatlvely thereto, a screwoperativelyengaging the reciprocating element, a wheel fixed upon said screw,spaced driving wheelslocated on diametrically opposite sides of saidfirst wheel and normally out of engagement therewith, means for movingsaid firstwheel into engagement with one of said driving wheels to drivethe reciprocating element in one direction and means operated by thereciprocating element arranged to shift the first wheel with respect toits associated driving wheels.

8. The combination with a support, a carriage mounted on said supportand arranged to reciprocate relatively thereto, a feed screw, a wheel onsaid screw, spaced friction wheels adjacent said first wheel, means formoving the latter into contact with either one of said friction wheelsor to a neutral position between them, and a bar having a threadedopening in which said screw engages, said bar having lost motionconnection with the reciprocating element.

9. In combination a support, an element carried by "the support andarranged to be reciprocated relatively thereto, a shaft arranged whenoperatedto cause reciprotation of said element, a wheel fixed upon saidshaft, spaced driving wheels located on diametrically opposite sides ofsaid first wheel and normally out of engagement therewith, c

rocating element arranged to shift the first wheel with respect to itsassociated driving wheels.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

ANDREW RYCKMAN. Witnesses: ERNST BUEHLER,

JOSEPH BURKE.

